This paper endeavors to comprehensively analyze the trajectory of tribal politics in Rajasthan through a case study of the Bharatiya Tribal Party (BTP). The objective of this study is to present an impartial analysis of the subject, given the paucity of academic literature on tribal politics in Rajasthan. The study will delve into the historical background of tribal politics in Rajasthan, while also assessing the current status of the BTP in the region. Additionally, the study will explore the emergence of a new form of tribal politics among the youth. To conduct this research, a combination of primary and secondary sources have been utilized, including two telephone interviews with prominent members of the social-political movement.
According to the 2011 census, Rajasthan has a demographic distribution of just over 17% of the total population belonging to the Scheduled Castes and over 12% belonging to the Scheduled Tribes. The state is home to six main tribal groups, including Sahariya, Mina, Bhil, Kathodi, Damor, and Garasia (Nag and Bhasin 2007:35). Among these groups, individuals with higher technical qualifications constitute a small percentage of just 0.1%.
Dungarpur, the smallest district in Rajasthan, was founded in the 13th century and gained prominence under the rule of Guhiolt ahara suryavanshi Rajput.Approximately 70% of the population in Dungarpur belongs to tribal communities, with the Bhil tribe constituting a majority and mostly residing in rural areas of the district.In Southern Rajasthan, the Bhil and Bhil-Meena groups have traditionally lent their support to the BTP. However, recent developments have caused a rift between the BTP and the aforementioned groups, leading to their separation into two distinct factions. This schism is attributed to the altered working pattern and agenda of the BTP, which has failed to meet the expectations of the community members.
