The colonial era (1521-1810) was very complex in the relations between conquerors and natives, with the latter who suffered from economic and social calamities, while losing land´s property, practically becoming slaves of the land owners. In some regions they fought against the conquerors, leaving a lot of deaths, with subsequent disregard, by both parties, of land and production.
The Mexican revolution (1910-1917) and the agrarian distribution (1917-1940 and 1990) were the solution at that time; the increase in production and the development of other non agrarian activities, brought a temporary pacification in the country. However, huge economic and social differences continued existing. Large extensions of land were kept by politicians and militaries; in 1940 cattle concessions were announced for a 25 years period, at the end of which, small cattle private properties would have been established together with the assignment of land sufficient to maintain 500 head of large cattle or its equivalent in small cattle, according to the land´s quality, and the rest would be distributed between social farmers, keeping their rights. Unfortunately, because of the technical ignorance at the time and other political objectives, this distribution was not planned in a properly manner and families’ endowments resulted insufficient to provide the minimum earnings for the family welfare.
Current time: As a result, the populations of commoners producers continued in poverty, with huge migrations of the youth to the cities and foreign countries (mainly to the United States of America). Likewise, degradation of natural resources continued; these natural resources actually are at about 25% of their production potential, with the inevitable waste of most of rainfall and solar energy.
The creation of policies and reglementary laws is urgent to ordain the natural resources use, increase their production and environmental services.
