The evolution of the migratory phenomenon hit the European societies at different levels and times. Among the recent migrations of people, the one from Asia is the most relevant, while the one from Africa it’s impossible to be tracked because it is done by sea. Unfortunately, illegal immigration has become a business for human traffickers because those migrants come from poor Countries seeking for a better life. Sicily and Lampedusa, the two islands in the south of Italy have now become the most hit from the phenomena, followed by Calabria and Puglia regions. Since the beginning of 2023, it is believed that over 20,017 illegal immigrants have entered Italy (ANSA Italian news agency), three times the number of 2022. There is also a dramatic increase of unaccompanied minors. The situation in the hot spots organized by the Italian Homeland Security where immigrants awaits to be processed is overwhelming. Most of them are seeking asylum and work. The human smuggling is in continuous evolutions due to globalization and it is believed it will keep increasing between now and the year 2050 due to climatic change and socio-political reasons. This kind of immigrations need housing, food and health care which are adding a big challenge and stress to all European Countries that are facing them selves economic instability, the need of alternative energies, water strategy and sustainable food.
