In the context of globalization, the international environment is becoming increasingly complex and instability and uncertainty are increasing significantly. From an overall perspective, if a country has serious ethnic problems, it will not only affect its own economic development and social stability, but also affect the stability of neighboring countries, the whole region and even the whole world, which brings great challenges to the social governance of various countries. Anthropology should also conform to the development trend of The Times, study more complex society, get rid of the increasingly marginalized discipline status, enhance the applicability, and enter the world academic stage. Based on the strategic significance of "Strengthening the Chinese nation's community consciousness and the modernization of social governance" to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation from the anthropological perspective, this paper analyzes the realistic situation of the two on the basis of demonstrating the multidimensional coupling of the two, so as to establish the mutual construction path of "strengthening the Chinese nation's community consciousness and the modernization of social governance". This paper provides reference for national and social governance problems in the world.
